Microsoft Project 2013 Activation Key
Important: Some keyboard shortcuts are only available to Project Online subscribers. New features are released gradually to subscribers, so your application might not have these features yet.
Many users find that using an external keyboard with keyboard shortcuts for Project on Windows helps them work more efficiently. For users with mobility or vision disabilities, keyboard shortcuts can be easier than using the touchscreen and are an essential alternative to using a mouse. This article itemizes the keyboard shortcuts for Project on Windows.
Notes:
The shortcuts in this topic refer to the US keyboard layout. Keys for other layouts might not correspond exactly to the keys on a US keyboard.
If a shortcut requires pressing two or more keys at the same time, this topic separates the keys with a plus sign (+). If you have to press one key immediately after another, the keys are separated by a comma (,).
In this article
Microsoft Office basics
Keyboard access to the ribbon and Tell me
Press Alt.
The KeyTips are displayed over each feature that is available in the current view.
Press the letter that appears in the KeyTip over the feature that you want to use.
Tip: Press Q to look up a command or search for a Help topic.
Depending on which letter you press, additional KeyTips may appear. For example, if the Home tab is active and you press W, the View tab is displayed, along with the KeyTips for the groups on that tab.
Continue pressing letters until you press the letter of the command or control that you want to use. In some cases, you must first press the letter of the group that contains the command.
Note: To cancel the action that you are taking and hide the KeyTips, press Alt.
Display and use windows
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Switch to the next window. | Alt+Tab |
Switch to the previous window. | Alt+Shift+Tab |
Close the active window. | Ctrl+W or Ctrl+F4 |
Restore the size of the active window after you maximize it. | Ctrl+F5 |
Move to a task pane from another pane in the program window (clockwise direction). You may need to press F6 more than once. | F6 |
Move to a pane from another pane in the program window (counterclockwise direction). | Shift+F6 |
When more than one window is open, switch to the next window. | Ctrl+F6 |
Switch to the previous window. | Ctrl+Shift+F6 |
Maximize or restore a selected window. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Ctrl+F10 |
Copy a picture of the screen to the Clipboard. | Print Screen |
Copy a picture of the selected window to the Clipboard. | Alt+Print Screen |
Move around in text or cells
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move one character to the left. | Left Arrow |
Move one character to the right. | Right Arrow |
Move one line up. | Up Arrow |
Move one line down. | Down Arrow |
Move one word to the left. | Ctrl+Left Arrow |
Move one word to the right. | Ctrl+Right Arrow |
Move to the end of a line. | End |
Move to the beginning of a line. | Home |
Move up one paragraph. | Ctrl+Up Arrow |
Move down one paragraph. | Ctrl+Down Arrow |
Move to the end of a text box. | Ctrl+End |
Move to the beginning of a text box. | Ctrl+Home |
Move around in and work in tables
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the next cell. | Tab |
Move to the preceding cell. | Shift+Tab |
Move to the next row. | Down Arrow |
Move to the preceding row. | Up Arrow |
Insert a tab in a cell. | Ctrl+Tab |
Start a new paragraph. | Enter |
Add a new row at the bottom of the table. | Tab at the end of the last row |
Access and use actions
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Display the menu or message for an action. If more than one action is present, switch to the next action and display its menu or message. | Alt+Shift+F10 |
Select the next item on the action menu. | Down Arrow |
Select the previous item on the action menu. | Up Arrow |
Perform the action for the selected item on the action menu. | Enter |
Close the action menu or message. | Esc |
Use dialog boxes
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the next option or option group. | Tab |
Move to the previous option or option group. | Shift+Tab |
Switch to the next tab in a dialog box. | Ctrl+Tab |
Switch to the previous tab in a dialog box. | Ctrl+Shift+Tab |
Move between options in an open drop-down list, or between options in a group of options. | Arrow keys |
Perform the action assigned to the selected button; select or clear the selected check box. | Spacebar |
Open the list if it is closed and move to that option in the list. | First letter of an option in a drop-down list |
Select an option; select or clear a check box. | Alt+ the letter underlined in an option |
Open a selected drop-down list. | Alt+Down Arrow |
Close a selected drop-down list; cancel a command and close a dialog box. | Esc |
Perform the action assigned to a default button in a dialog box. | Enter |
Use edit boxes within dialog boxes
An edit box is a blank in which you type or paste an entry, such as your user name or the path to a folder.
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the beginning of the entry. | Home |
Move to the end of the entry. | End |
Move one character to the left or right, respectively. | Left Arrow or Right Arrow |
Move one word to the left. | Ctrl+Left Arrow |
Move one word to the right. | Ctrl+Right Arrow |
Select or cancel selection one character to the left. | Shift+Left Arrow |
Select or cancel selection one character to the right. | Shift+Right Arrow |
Select or cancel selection one word to the left. | Ctrl+Shift+Left Arrow |
Select or cancel selection one word to the right. | Ctrl+Shift+Right Arrow |
Select from the insertion point to the beginning of the entry. | Shift+Home |
Select from the insertion point to the end of the entry. | Shift+End |
Basic file management
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Open a project file (display the Open dialog box). | Ctrl+F12 |
Open a project file (display the Open tab in the Backstage view). | Ctrl+O |
Save a project file. | Ctrl+S |
Create a new project. | Ctrl+N |
Print a file (display the Print tab in the Backstage view). | Ctrl+P |
Use the Open and Save As dialog boxes
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Display the Open dialog box. | Ctrl+F12 |
Display the Open tab in the Backstage view. | Ctrl+O |
Display the Save As dialog box. | F12 |
Open the selected folder or file. | Enter |
Open the folder one level above the open folder. | Backspace |
Delete the selected folder or file. | Delete |
Display a shortcut menu for a selected item such as a folder or file. | Shift+F10 |
Move forward through options | Tab |
Move back through options | Shift+Tab |
Open the Look in list | F4 or Alt+1 |
Microsoft Project shortcuts
Use the main window
To do this | Press |
Switch between active dialogs and the main app. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+F6 |
Open the context menu for the selected item (right-click menu). Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Shift+F10 |
Activate the ribbon. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | F10 |
Activate the view splitter. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Shift+F6 |
Display the autofilter drop-down menu for the selected column. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Shift+F3 |
Reapply the current filter. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Ctrl+F3 |
Open the on-object menu for the selected cell. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Shift+F10 |
Use a Network Diagram
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to a different Network Diagram box. | Arrow keys |
Add Network Diagram boxes to the selection. | Shift+Arrow keys |
Move a Network Diagram box. Note: You need to set manual positioning first. Select the box you want to move. Click Format, and then click Layout. Click Allow manual box positioning. | Ctrl+Arrow keys |
Move to the top Network Diagram box in the view or project. | Ctrl+Home or Shift+Ctrl+Home |
Move to the lowest Network Diagram box in the project. | Ctrl+End or Shift+Ctrl+End |
Move to the leftmost Network Diagram box in the project. | Home or Shift+Home |
Move to the rightmost Network Diagram box in the project. | End or Shift+End |
Move up one window height. | Page Up or Shift+Page Up |
Move down one window height. | Page Down or Shift+Page Down |
Move left one window width. | Ctrl+Page Up or Shift+Ctrl+Page Up |
Move right one window width. | Ctrl+Page Down or Shift+Ctrl+Page Down |
Select the next field in the Network Diagram box. | Enter or Tab |
Select the previous field in the Network Diagram box. | Shift+Enter |
Use OfficeArt objects
Move OfficeArt shapes
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Nudge the shape up, down, right, or left. | Arrow keys |
Increase the shape’s width by 10%. | Shift+Right Arrow |
Decrease the shape’s width by 10%. | Shift+Left Arrow |
Increase the shape’s height by 10%. | Shift+Up Arrow |
Decrease the shape’s height by 10%. | Shift+Down Arrow |
Increase the shape’s width by 1%. | Ctrl+Shift+Right Arrow |
Decrease the shape’s width by 1%. | Ctrl+Shift+Left Arrow |
Increase the shape’s height by 1%. | Ctrl+Shift+Up Arrow |
Decrease the shape’s height by 1%. | Ctrl+Shift+Down Arrow |
Rotate the shape 15 degrees to the right. | Alt+Right Arrow |
Rotate the shape 15 degrees to the left. | Alt+Left Arrow |
Select and copy OfficeArt objects and text
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Select an object (with text selected inside the object). | Esc |
Select an object (with an object selected). | Tab or Shift+Tab until the object you want is selected |
Select text within an object (with an object selected). | Enter |
Select multiple shapes | Press and hold Ctrl while you click the shapes |
Select multiple shapes with text | Press and hold Shift while you click the shapes |
Cut selected object. | Ctrl+X |
Copy selected object. | Ctrl+C |
Paste cut or copied object. | Ctrl+V |
Paste special. | Ctrl+Alt+V |
Copy formatting only. | Ctrl+Shift+C |
Paste formatting only. | Ctrl+Shift+V |
Paste special. | Ctrl+Alt+V |
Group shapes, pictures, or WordArt. | Ctrl+G after you select the items that you want to group |
Ungroup shapes, pictures, or WordArt. | Ctrl+Shift+G after you select the group that you want to ungroup |
Undo the last action. | Ctrl+Z |
Redo the last action. | Ctrl+Y |
Add next object to a multi-selection. | Ctrl+Click |
Adds next object to a multi-selection; allows clicking on textbox text to add the textbox to the multi-selection. | Shift+Click |
Edit OfficeArt text and textboxes
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Collapse selection. | Esc |
Select all text. | Ctrl+A |
Delete one word to the left. | Ctrl+Backspace |
Delete one word to the right. | Ctrl+Delete |
Undo. | Ctrl+Z |
Redo. | Ctrl+Y |
Move one word to the left. | Ctrl+Left Arrow |
Move one word to the right. | Ctrl+Right Arrow |
Move to the beginning of the line. | Home |
Move to the end of the line. | End |
Move up one paragraph. | Ctrl+Up Arrow |
Move down one paragraph. | Ctrl+Down Arrow |
Move to the beginning of the object’s text. | Ctrl+Home |
Move to the end of the object’s text | Ctrl+End |
Navigate views and windows
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Activate the entry bar to edit text in a field. | F2 |
Activate the menu bar. | F10 or Alt |
Activate the project control menu. | Alt+Hyphen or Alt+Spacebar |
Activate the split bar. | Shift+F6 |
Close the program window. | Alt+F4 |
Display all filtered tasks or all filtered resources. | F3 |
Display the Field Settings dialog box. | Alt+F3 |
Open a new window. | Shift+F11 |
Reduce a selection to a single field. | Shift+Backspace |
Reset sort order to ID order and turn off grouping. | Shift+F3 |
Select a drawing object. | F6 |
Display task information. | Shift+F2 |
Display resource information. | Shift+F2 |
Display assignment information. | Shift+F2 |
Turn on or off the Add To Selection mode. | Shift+F8 |
Turn on or off Auto Calculate. | Ctrl+F9 |
Turn on or off the Extend Selection mode. | F8 |
Move left, right, up, or down to view different pages in the Print Preview window. | Alt+Arrow keys |
Outline a project
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Hide subtasks. | Alt+Shift+Hyphen or Alt+Shift+Minus Sign (minus sign on the numeric keypad) |
Indent the selected task. | Alt+Shift+Right Arrow |
Show subtasks. | Alt+Shift+ = or Alt+Shift+Plus Sign (plus sign on the numeric keypad) |
Show all tasks. | Alt+Shift+* (asterisk on the numeric keypad) |
Outdent the selected task. | Alt+Shift+Left Arrow |
Select and edit in a dialog box
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move between fields at the bottom of a form. | Arrow keys |
Move into tables at the bottom of a form. | Alt+1 (left) or Alt+2 (right) |
Move to the next task or resource. | Enter |
Move to the previous task or resource. | Shift+Enter |
Select and edit in a sheet view
Edit in a view
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Add a new task. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Insert |
Cancel an entry. | Esc |
Clear or reset the selected field. | Ctrl+Delete |
Copy the selected data. | Ctrl+C |
Cut the selected data. | Ctrl+X |
Delete the selected data. | Delete |
Delete row that has a selected cell. | Ctrl+Minus Sign (on the numeric keypad) |
Fill down. | Ctrl+D |
Display the Find dialog box. | Ctrl+F or Shift+F5 |
In the Find dialog box, continue to the next instance of the search results. | Shift+F4 |
Use the Go To command (Edit menu). | F5 |
Link tasks. | Ctrl+F2 |
Paste the copied or cut data. | Ctrl+V |
Reduce the selection to one field. | Shift+Backspace |
Undo the last action. | Ctrl+Z |
Unlink tasks. | Ctrl+Shift+F2 |
Set the task to manually schedule | Ctrl+Shift+M |
Set the task to auto schedule | Ctrl+Shift+A |
Move in a view
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the beginning of a project (timescale). | Alt+Home |
Move to the end of a project (timescale). | Alt+End |
Move the timescale left. | Alt+Left Arrow |
Move the timescale right. | Alt+Right Arrow |
Move to the first field in a row. | Home or Ctrl+Left Arrow |
Move to the first row. | Ctrl+Up Arrow |
Move to the first field of the first row. | Ctrl+Home |
Move to the last field in a row. | End or Ctrl+Right Arrow |
Move to the last field of the last row. | Ctrl+End |
Move to the last row. | Ctrl+Down Arrow |
Move in the side pane
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move focus between the side pane and the view on the right side. | F6 |
Select different controls in the side pane if focus is in the side pane. | Tab |
Select or clear check boxes and option buttons if focus is in the side pane. | Spacebar |
Select in a view
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Extend the selection down one page. | Shift+Page Down |
Extend the selection up one page. | Shift+Page Up |
Extend the selection down one row. | Shift+Down Arrow |
Extend the selection up one row. | Shift+Up Arrow |
Extend the selection to the first field in a row. | Shift+Home |
Extend the selection to the last field in a row. | Shift+End |
Extend the selection to the start of the information. | Ctrl+Shift+Home |
Extend the selection to the end of the information. | Ctrl+Shift+End |
Extend the selection to the first row. | Ctrl+Shift+Up Arrow |
Extend the selection to the last row. | Ctrl+Shift+Down Arrow |
Extend the selection to the first field of the first row. | Ctrl+Shift+Home |
Extend the selection to the last field of the last row. | Ctrl+Shift+End |
Select all rows and columns. | Ctrl+Shift+Spacebar |
Select a column. | Ctrl+Spacebar |
Select a row. | Shift+Spacebar |
Move within a selection down one field. | Enter |
Move within a selection up one field. | Shift+Enter |
Move within a selection right one field. | Tab |
Move within a selection left one field. | Shift+Tab |
Select and edit in the entry bar
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Accept an entry. | Enter |
Cancel an entry. | Esc |
Delete one character to the left. | Backspace |
Delete one character to the right. | Delete |
Delete one word to the right. | Ctrl+Delete |
Extend the selection to the end of the text. | Shift+End |
Extend the selection to the start of the text. | Shift+Home |
Turn on or off Overtype mode. | Insert |
Use a timescale
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move the timescale left one page. | Alt+Page Up |
Move the timescale right one page. | Alt+Page Down |
Move the timescale to beginning of the project. | Alt+Home |
Move the timescale to end of the project. | Alt+End |
Scroll the timescale left. | Alt+Left Arrow |
Scroll the timescale right. | Alt+Right Arrow |
Show smaller time units. | Ctrl+ / (slash on the numeric keypad) |
Show larger time units. | Ctrl+* (asterisk on the numeric keypad) |
Use Team Planner view
To do this | Press |
Expand or collapse a resource row or a grouping row. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Shift+ + or - - |
Scroll the timescale left. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Left Arrow |
Scroll the timescale right. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Right Arrow |
Reschedule a scheduled task. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Ctrl+Arrow keys |
Open the task information dialog. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Select the task and press Enter |
Reassign a task. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Ctrl+Up or Down Arrow |
Use Timeline view
To do this | Press |
Cycle through the element types – task bar, milestone, callout, and timeline bar - when one of them is already selected. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Tab or Down Arrow |
Cycle through the element types in the opposite order – timeline bar, callout, milestone, task bar - when one of them is already selected. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Shift+Tab or Up Arrow |
Go to the previous or next item of that type, for example, to the next milestone. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Left or Right Arrow |
Scroll the timescale left. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Left Arrow |
Scroll the timescale right. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Alt+Right Arrow |
Move the item up or down to the next channel or timeline bar. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Ctrl+Up or Down Arrow |
Open the task information dialog. Only available to Project Online subscribers. | Shift+F2 |
See also
Technical support for customers with disabilities
Microsoft wants to provide the best possible experience for all our customers. If you have a disability or questions related to accessibility, please contact the Microsoft Disability Answer Desk for technical assistance. The Disability Answer Desk support team is trained in using many popular assistive technologies and can offer assistance in English, Spanish, French, and American Sign Language. Please go to the Microsoft Disability Answer Desk site to find out the contact details for your region.
If you are a government, commercial, or enterprise user, please contact the enterprise Disability Answer Desk.
Online Help
Use the Help window
The Help window provides access to all Office Help content. The Help window displays topics and other Help content.
In the Help window
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Open the Help window. | F1 |
Close the Help window. | ALT+F4 |
Switch between the Help window and the active program. | ALT+TAB |
Go back to Program Name Home. | ALT+HOME |
Select the next item in the Help window. | TAB |
Select the previous item in the Help window. | SHIFT+TAB |
Perform the action for the selected item. | ENTER |
In the Browse Program Name Help section of the Help window, select the next or previous item, respectively. | TAB or SHIFT+TAB |
In the Browse Program Name Help section of the Help window, expand or collapse the selected item. | ENTER |
Select the next hidden text or hyperlink, including Show All or Hide All at the top of a topic. | TAB |
Select the previous hidden text or hyperlink. | SHIFT+TAB |
Perform the action for the selected Show All, Hide All, hidden text, or hyperlink. | ENTER |
Move back to the previous Help topic (Back button). | ALT+LEFT ARROW or BACKSPACE |
Move forward to the next Help topic (Forward button). | ALT+RIGHT ARROW |
Scroll small amounts up or down, respectively, within the currently displayed Help topic. | UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW |
Scroll larger amounts up or down, respectively, within the currently displayed Help topic. | PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN |
Change whether the Help window appears connected to (tiled) or separate from (untiled) the active program. | ALT+U |
Display a menu of commands for the Help window. This requires that the Help window have the active focus (click in the Help window). | SHIFT+F10 |
Stop the last action (Stop button). | ESC |
Update the window (Refresh button). | F5 |
Print the current Help topic. Note: If the cursor is not in the current Help topic, press F6 and then press CTRL+P. | CTRL+P |
Change the connection state. | F6, DOWN ARROW |
Type text in the Type words to search for box. | F6, DOWN ARROW |
Switch among areas in the Help window; for example, switch between the toolbar, Type words to search for box, and Search list. | F6 |
In a Table of Contents in tree view, select the next or previous item, respectively. | DOWN ARROW or UP ARROW |
In a Table of Contents in tree view, expand or collapse the selected item, respectively. | LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW |
Microsoft Office basics
Keyboard access to the Office Fluent Ribbon
Press ALT.
The KeyTips are displayed over each feature that is available in the current view.
Press the letter that appears in the KeyTip over the feature that you want to use.
Depending on which letter you press, additional KeyTips may appear. For example, if the Home tab is active and you press W, the View tab is displayed, along with the KeyTips for the groups on that tab.
Continue pressing letters until you press the letter of the command or control that you want to use. In some cases, you must first press the letter of the group that contains the command.
Note: To cancel the action that you are taking and hide the KeyTips, press ALT.
Tip: If the Watch Window does not get focus after you select it by using the KeyTips, press ALT, and then press CTRL+TAB.
Since 1972, the Daytona qualifying races do not count due to the race distance change rules. Only points-paying championship races count towards the total. Nascar driver picture and number. Note that the prior to 1972 were points-paying championship races, and count in the totals below. Wins in,, or international exhibitions at,, or do not count.
Display and use windows
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Switch to the next window. | ALT+TAB |
Switch to the previous window. | ALT+SHIFT+TAB |
Close the active window. | CTRL+W or CTRL+F4 |
Restore the size of the active window after you maximize it. | CTRL+F5 |
Move to a task pane from another pane in the program window (clockwise direction). You may need to press F6 more than once. Note: If pressing F6 doesn't display the task pane you want, try pressing ALT to place focus on the menu bar or Ribbon, which is a part of the Office Fluent Ribbon, and then pressing CTRL+TAB to move to the task pane. | F6 |
Move to a pane from another pane in the program window (counterclockwise direction). | SHIFT+F6 |
When more than one window is open, switch to the next window. | CTRL+F6 |
Switch to the previous window. | CTRL+SHIFT+F6 |
When a document window is not maximized, perform the Move command (on the Control menu for the window). Press the arrow keys to move the window. When you finish, press ESC. | CTRL+F7 |
When a document window is not maximized, perform the Size command (on the Control menu for the window). Press the arrow keys to resize the window. When you finish, press ESC. | CTRL+F8 |
Minimize a window to an icon (works for only some Microsoft Office programs). | CTRL+F9 |
Maximize or restore a selected window. | CTRL+F10 |
Copy a picture of the screen to the Clipboard. | PRINT SCREEN |
Copy a picture of the selected window to the Clipboard. | ALT+PRINT SCREEN |
Change or resize the font
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Change the font. | CTRL+SHIFT+F |
Change the font size. | CTRL+SHIFT+P |
Increase the font size of the selected text. | CTRL+SHIFT+> |
Decrease the font size of the selected text. | CTRL+SHIFT+< |
Move around in text or cells
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move one character to the left. | LEFT ARROW |
Move one character to the right. | RIGHT ARROW |
Move one line up. | UP ARROW |
Move one line down. | DOWN ARROW |
Move one word to the left. | CTRL+LEFT ARROW |
Move one word to the right. | CTRL+RIGHT ARROW |
Move to the end of a line. | END |
Move to the beginning of a line. | HOME |
Move up one paragraph. | CTRL+UP ARROW |
Move down one paragraph. | CTRL+DOWN ARROW |
Move to the end of a text box. | CTRL+END |
Move to the beginning of a text box. | CTRL+HOME |
Repeat the last Find action. | SHIFT+F4 |
Move around in and work in tables
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the next cell. | TAB |
Move to the preceding cell. | SHIFT+TAB |
Move to the next row. | DOWN ARROW |
Move to the preceding row. | UP ARROW |
Insert a tab in a cell. | CTRL+TAB |
Start a new paragraph. | ENTER |
Add a new row at the bottom of the table. | TAB at the end of the last row |
Access and use actions
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Display the menu or message for an action. If more than one action is present, switch to the next action and display its menu or message. | ALT+SHIFT+F10 |
Select the next item on the action menu. | DOWN ARROW |
Select the previous item on the action menu. | UP ARROW |
Perform the action for the selected item on the action menu. | ENTER |
Close the action menu or message. | ESC |
Tips
You can ask to be notified by a sound whenever an action appears. To hear audio cues, you must have a sound card. You must also have Microsoft Office Sounds installed on your computer.
If you have access to the World Wide Web, you can download Microsoft Office Sounds from the Microsoft Office.com Web site.
Use dialog boxes
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the next option or option group. | TAB |
Move to the previous option or option group. | SHIFT+TAB |
Switch to the next tab in a dialog box. | CTRL+TAB |
Switch to the previous tab in a dialog box. | CTRL+SHIFT+TAB |
Move between options in an open drop-down list, or between options in a group of options. | Arrow keys |
Perform the action assigned to the selected button; select or clear the selected check box. | SPACEBAR |
Open the list if it is closed and move to that option in the list. | First letter of an option in a drop-down list |
Select an option; select or clear a check box. | ALT+ the letter underlined in an option |
Open a selected drop-down list. | ALT+DOWN ARROW |
Close a selected drop-down list; cancel a command and close a dialog box. | ESC |
Perform the action assigned to a default button in a dialog box. | ENTER |
Use edit boxes within dialog boxes
An edit box is a blank in which you type or paste an entry, such as your user name or the path to a folder.
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the beginning of the entry. | HOME |
Move to the end of the entry. | END |
Move one character to the left or right, respectively. | LEFT ARROW or RIGHT ARROW |
Move one word to the left. | CTRL+LEFT ARROW |
Move one word to the right. | CTRL+RIGHT ARROW |
Select or cancel selection one character to the left. | SHIFT+LEFT ARROW |
Select or cancel selection one character to the right. | SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW |
Select or cancel selection one word to the left. | CTRL+SHIFT+LEFT ARROW |
Select or cancel selection one word to the right. | CTRL+SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW |
Select from the insertion point to the beginning of the entry. | SHIFT+HOME |
Select from the insertion point to the end of the entry. | SHIFT+END |
Use the Open and Save As dialog boxes
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Go to the previous folder. | ALT+1 |
Open the folder one level above the open folder. | ALT+2 |
Close the dialog box and open your Web search page. | ALT+3 |
Delete the selected folder or file. | ALT+3 |
Create a new folder. | ALT+4 |
Switch among available folder views. | ALT+5 |
Show the Tools menu. | ALT+L |
Display a shortcut menu for a selected item, such as a folder or file. | SHIFT+F10 |
Move between options or areas in the dialog box. | TAB |
Open the list. | F4 or ALT+I |
Update the file list. | F5 |
Microsoft Project 2010
Use the Network Diagram view
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to a different Network Diagram box. | Arrow keys |
Add Network Diagram boxes to the selection. | SHIFT+Arrow keys |
Move a Network Diagram box. Note: Manual positioning must be set first. Select the box you want to move. On the Format tab, click Layout in the Format group. Click Allow manual box positioning. | CTRL+Arrow keys |
Move to the top Network Diagram box in the view or project. | CTRL+HOME or SHIFT+CTRL+HOME |
Move to the lowest Network Diagram box in the project. | CTRL+END or SHIFT+CTRL+END |
Move to the leftmost Network Diagram box in the project. | HOME or SHIFT+HOME |
Move to the rightmost Network Diagram box in the project. | END or SHIFT+END |
Move up one window height. | PAGE UP or SHIFT+PAGE UP |
Move down one window height. | PAGE DOWN or SHIFT+PAGE DOWN |
Move left one window width. | CTRL+PAGE UP or SHIFT+CTRL+PAGE UP |
Move right one window width. | CTRL+PAGE DOWN or SHIFT+CTRL+PAGE DOWN |
Select the next field in the Network Diagram box. | ENTER or TAB |
Select the previous field in the Network Diagram box. | SHIFT+ENTER |
Navigate views and windows
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Activate the Control menu. | ALT+SPACEBAR |
Activate the entry bar to edit text in a field. | F2 |
Activate the menu bar. | F10 or ALT |
Activate the project control menu. | ALT+HYPHEN |
Activate the split bar. | SHIFT+F6 |
Close the program window. | ALT+F4 |
Display all filtered tasks or all filtered resources. | F3 |
Display the Field Settings dialog box. | ALT+F3 |
Open a new window. | SHIFT+F11 |
Reduce a selection to a single field. | SHIFT+BACKSPACE |
Reset sort order to ID order and turn off grouping. | SHIFT+F3 |
Select a drawing object. | F6 |
Display task information. | SHIFT+F2 |
Display resource information. | SHIFT+F2 |
Display assignment information. | SHIFT+F2 |
Turn on or off the Add To Selection mode. | SHIFT+F8 |
Turn on or off Auto Calculate. | CTRL+F9 |
Turn on or off the Extend Selection mode. | F8 |
Move left, right, up, or down to view different pages in the Print Preview window. | ALT+Arrow keys |
Outline a project
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Hide subtasks. | ALT+SHIFT+HYPHEN or ALT+SHIFT+MINUS SIGN (minus sign on the numeric keypad) |
Indent the selected task. | ALT+SHIFT+RIGHT ARROW |
Show subtasks. | ALT+SHIFT+ = or ALT+SHIFT+PLUS SIGN (plus sign on the numeric keypad) |
Show all tasks. | ALT+SHIFT+* (asterisk on the numeric keypad) |
Outdent the selected task. | ALT+SHIFT+LEFT ARROW |
Select and edit in a dialog box
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move between fields at the bottom of a form. | Arrow keys |
Move into tables at the bottom of a form. | ALT+1 (left) or ALT+2 (right) |
Move to the next task or resource. | ENTER |
Move to the previous task or resource. | SHIFT+ENTER |
Select and edit in a sheet view
Edit in a view
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Cancel an entry. | ESC |
Clear or reset the selected field. | CTRL+DELETE |
Copy the selected data. | CTRL+C |
Cut the selected data. | CTRL+X |
Delete the selected data. | DELETE |
Delete row that has a selected cell. | CTRL+MINUS SIGN (on the numeric keypad) |
Fill down. | CTRL+D |
Display the Find dialog box. | CTRL+F or SHIFT+F5 |
In the Find dialog box, continue to the next instance of the search results. | SHIFT+F4 |
Use the Go To command (Edit menu). | F5 |
Link tasks. | CTRL+F2 |
Paste the copied or cut data. | CTRL+V |
Reduce the selection to one field. | SHIFT+BACKSPACE |
Undo the last action. | CTRL+Z |
Unlink tasks. | CTRL+SHIFT+F2 |
Set the task to manually schedule | CTRL+SHIFT+M |
Set the task to auto schedule | CTRL+SHIFT+A |
Move in a view
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move to the beginning of a project (timescale). | ALT+HOME |
Move to the end of a project (timescale). | ALT+END |
Move the timescale left. | ALT+LEFT ARROW |
Move the timescale right. | ALT+RIGHT ARROW |
Move to the first field in a row. | HOME or CTRL+LEFT ARROW |
Move to the first row. | CTRL+UP ARROW |
Move to the first field of the first row. | CTRL+HOME |
Move to the last field in a row. | END or CTRL+RIGHT ARROW |
Move to the last field of the last row. | CTRL+END |
Move to the last row. | CTRL+DOWN ARROW |
Move in the side pane
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move focus between the side pane and the view on the right side. | CTRL+TAB or CTRL+SHIFT+TAB |
Select different controls in the side pane if focus is in the side pane. | TAB |
Select or clear check boxes and option buttons if focus is in the side pane. | SPACEBAR |
Select in a view
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Extend the selection down one page. | SHIFT+PAGE DOWN |
Extend the selection up one page. | SHIFT+PAGE UP |
Extend the selection down one row. | SHIFT+DOWN ARROW |
Extend the selection up one row. | SHIFT+UP ARROW |
Extend the selection to the first field in a row. | SHIFT+HOME |
Extend the selection to the last field in a row. | SHIFT+END |
Extend the selection to the start of the information. | CTRL+SHIFT+HOME |
Extend the selection to the end of the information. | CTRL+SHIFT+END |
Extend the selection to the first row. | CTRL+SHIFT+UP ARROW |
Extend the selection to the last row. | CTRL+SHIFT+DOWN ARROW |
Extend the selection to the first field of the first row. | CTRL+SHIFT+HOME |
Extend the selection to the last field of the last row. | CTRL+SHIFT+END |
Select all rows and columns. | CTRL+SHIFT+SPACEBAR |
Select a column. | CTRL+SPACEBAR |
Select a row. | SHIFT+SPACEBAR |
Move within a selection down one field. | ENTER |
Move within a selection up one field. | SHIFT+ENTER |
Move within a selection right one field. | TAB |
Move within a selection left one field. | SHIFT+TAB |
Select and edit in the entry bar
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Accept an entry. | ENTER |
Cancel an entry. | ESC |
Delete one character to the left. | BACKSPACE |
Delete one character to the right. | DELETE |
Delete one word to the right. | CTRL+DELETE |
Extend the selection to the end of the text. | SHIFT+END |
Extend the selection to the start of the text. | SHIFT+HOME |
Turn on or off Overtype mode. | INSERT |
Use a timescale
To do this | Press |
---|---|
Move the timescale left one page. | ALT+PAGE UP |
Move the timescale right one page. | ALT+PAGE DOWN |
Move the timescale to beginning of the project. | ALT+HOME |
Move the timescale to end of the project. | ALT+END |
Scroll the timescale left. | ALT+LEFT ARROW |
Scroll the timescale right. | ALT+RIGHT ARROW |
Show smaller time units. | CTRL+ / (slash on the numeric keypad) |
Show larger time units. | CTRL+* (asterisk on the numeric keypad) |
YES, maybe
Prior to Office 2013 I would have said yes, you could extract the key from the old computer. Unfortunately, the last time I checked (early 2013) none of the utilities were able to extract the full key. Apparently MS changed how they store the product key on the computer.
Yes, if you do find your product key you will have to uninstall from the old computer before activating on the new one. Even though there is no communication to the activation system during an uninstall, the activation system randomly checks status when you run Office so you don't want it running on the old computer after you activate it on the new one.
Here are some documented techniques I have not tested myself:
Important If you have Office 2010, see Find your Product Key for Office 2010.
In many cases, you won’t need to enter a product key to install Office. For example, to reinstall Office, just sign in to your account page and click Install. However, when you install Office for the first time, renew your subscription, or install Office from a disc, you might be prompted to enter a 25-character product key.
Here’s where to find it:
- If you downloaded Office from an online store, the product key should be in your email receipt.
- If you didn’t get a receipt, check your junk mail folder.
- If Office came with a box, card, or disc, look on the card or the packaging.
- If Office came with your computer, look on the Certificate of Authenticity.
Notes:
- If you lose your product key and have a valid proof of purchase, contact Microsoft support for help.
- If you’re in the Home Use Program, you’ll need a program code, not a product key. To get your program code, go to the , select your country/region, enter your work email address, and click Don’t Know Your Program Code? On the next page, click Verify Email.
If you’re installing Office for the first time, go to https://officesetup.getmicrosoftkey.com, enter your product key, and follow the prompts.
Note If you’ve already installed Office, you don’t need to re-enter your product key to install Office again. Instead, go to your account page and click Install.
If you‘re installing Office 2013 from a disc, you’ll need to enter your product key. It might be on your product card or packaging. If you’re reinstalling Office 2013, it’s on your account page.
To see your product key on your account page:
- Sign in and then click Options to install from a disc.
- Under Product key, click View your product key.
- Copy or write down your product key.
- Go to https://officesetup.getmicrosoftkey.com, enter your product key, and then follow the prompts.
You can renew your subscription by buying a new product key, and then entering it at https://officesetup.getmicrosoftkey.com/.
Applies To: Access 2013, Excel 2013, InfoPath 2013, Outlook 2013, Publisher 2013, Visio 2013, Word 2013, OneNote 2013, PowerPoint 2013, Project Professional 2013, Project 2013 Standard, Visio Professional 2013, Office Shared 2013
Do you have several Office 2013 products tied to one Microsoft account and need help finding just one product key? The steps below are useful in determining which installations correspond to which product keys if you need to reinstall office 2013 on a new PC or after reformatting your PC.
Important When you have multiple Office 2013 installations linked to your Microsoft account, you will see them all listed on the My Account page. Do not click the Install button next to any product without knowing if it is an unused installation. This can cause activation issues.
First, find the last five digits of the product key associated with your computer.
- Go to the PC that has Office 2013 installed
- Right click the Windows icon and select Command Prompt.
- Enter the appropriate command:
For 32 bit Windows:
cscript “C:Program FilesMicrosoft OfficeOffice15OSPP.VBS” /dstatus
For 64 bit Windows:
cscript “C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft OfficeOffice15OSPP.VBS” /dstatus
- The command prompt box will show you the last five digits of the product key associated with the installation on that PC.
- Make a note of the PC the Office 2013 product is installed on, and five digit number. You will need this for reference.
Here is a list of links I last checked in early 2013. Maybe, one of them has a newer update that will work for you.
You can use any of the following tools to extract the Product Key from you computer. These tools report on many installed programs on your computer, not just Office.
PS: you should keep a copy (printed and/or file copies on external storage devices) of the report(s) generated by these tools so you have all of your product keys / registration numbers available for future re-installs
FYI: I (Rohn) have not tested these tools in Windows 8 (just haven’t had an excuse to make/waste the time), but I don’t expect any problem. The underlying mechanics of Windows 8 are essentially the same as Windows 7 if you ignore the Metro User Interface. Think of metro as “lipstick on a pig”. The pig is not changed by adding a little paint on the surface.
Normally you have several resources to find your Retail Product Key.
oYour original package or purchase confirmation e-mail
oOnline download account
oYou can extract the Product Key from the machine itself
oImage copy backups of system with Office installed
oActivation backup utilities
From what I’ve read, MS uses a file called TOKENS.DAT to store encrypted product activation keys:
C:ProgramDataMicrosoftOfficeSoftwareProtectionPlatformTokens.DAT
C:WindowsServiceProfilesNetworkServiceAppDataRoamingMicrosoftSoftwareLicensingTokens.data
C:Windows.OldProgramDataMicrosoftOfficeSoftwareProtectionPlatformTokens.DAT (if you did an in-place Windows Upgrade)
NOTE: Do not expect the Windows.OLD folder to be there until you delete it. Many people have complained that windows 8 and 8.1 automatically delete it WITHOUT WARNINGhttp://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/forum/windows_8-files/windows-8-has-deleted-my-windowsoldprogramfiles/dbdf75c0-09d9-4992-b8eb-d9fac3efe9b8?page=2
After you extract the Product Key, make sure to write it down and keep it in a safe place. Burning a copy of the installation file to a CD would also be a good idea if you don’t have the installation disk.
NOTE: OEM (factory install and activated) licenses use a different key than the one reported.Only the factory can use the PK from the original factory activation. You would have been provided with a separate piece of paper with a Product key for reactivation.
Belarc http://www.belarc.com/free_download.html- not only does Belarc extract product keys, it reports on a WHOLE BUNCH of other stuff you want to know. Printing the report, or saving it is probably a good idea.
Win 95-Win8,V8.4
NOTE: I tested version 8.4 on Windows 8.0. It reported my Office 2003 2007 2010 product keys correctly. BUT for Office 2013 Pro Plus (local install) it did NOT report the key! Gosh Darn!It reported: 00215-95000-26121-AA381 (Key: ends with G8YGX)f,g (the “ends with” is correct)
Superscripts f and g say:
f. The full product key is not stored on this computer. However, the characters shown uniquely identify your product key.
g. You can have Windows save the full product key using the procedure at http://www.belarc.com/msproductkeys.html.
NOTE: The process described in the link in “g” is good for Office 365, and MAYBE (I can’t confirm) online purchases of Office 2013. It does NOT work for Office 2013 Pro Plus! (which I have <grin>)
License Crawlerhttp://www.technibble.com/license-crawler-find-product-keys-in-the-registry/98 (Office 2003, 2007 , 2010 , Win Vista)
I tested V1.37.463 on Win 8.0 it reported Office 2010 correctly, did not report 2007 or 2003.
The “serial number” aka Product Key reported for Office 2013 Pro Plus (local install) did NOT agree with my documentation of key used!
SterJo Software Key Finder. http://www.sterjosoft.com/list/ - Confirmed to work on XP through Win8, Office XP/2002 through 2010
Win XP to Win 8, Office XP to 2010.
I tested V 1.7 on Windows 8.0. It reported my Office 2003 2007 2010 product keys correctly.
The “serial number” aka Product Key reported for Office 2013 Pro Plus (local install) did NOT agree with my documentation of key used!
Abelssoft MyKeyFinder - http://www.abelssoft.net/mykeyfinder.php -
I tested MyKeyFinder 2014 Free on Windows 8.0. It reported my Office 2003 2007 2010 product keys correctly.
The “serial number” aka Product Key reported for Office 2013 Pro Plus (local install) did NOT agree with my documentation of key used!
Sorry, I have not had opportunity (aka need) to test Win8 and Office 2013 on these various tools:
Magical Jelly Beanhttp://www.magicaljellybean.com/is free, supports 300+ programs V 2.0.8- Office 2003 OK, 2007 OK, 2010 na, Win Vista Wrong). They also have a paid Recovery Keys, support 4500+ programs
V 2.0.9.8
http://sourceforge.net/projects/keyfinder / - Enchanted Keyfinder Beta Portable- Win (9X, ME, NT/2K/XP, Vista, Win7), MS Office (97, XP, 2003, 2007, 2010), Recover key for 484 other software and counting
http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/product_cd_key_viewer.htmlNirsoft ProduKey V1.45- Office 2003 OK, 2007, 2010, Win Vista)
V1.62 Win 98 to Win 8.Office 2003-2010
ProduKey may be able to extract product key information from a registry file saved externally. This is useful if you’re trying to get the key details from the backup of a now defunct machine. Try the /Regfile option.
<snip>
After installing on my system, I ran the program --> AS ADMINISTRATOR <-- and then clicked on File --> Select Source. Once in this menu it may appear a little overwhelming, don’t worry it’s not that complicated and your not going to break anything else. Select the circle next to “Load the product keys from external Software Registry hive”. Now from here you may have to browse to a slightly different location depending on where your windows.old folder is located, but you want to basically browse to the following and open this file:
C:Windows.oldWindowsSystem32configRegBackSOFTWARE
After opening this file select ok; you may have to wait a few minutes for it to load the hive and give you your keys, but if they’re there you should see them and be able to fresh install your MS Office.
Please note that this did work for my Office 2007, it also gave me my Vista Home & Personal Key, and Internet Explorer.. lol! I hope this helps someone else too! And remember backup before you do any upgrading/downgrading/or destruction to you PC.
</snip>
http://www.winkeyfinder.com/download.php(Office 2003 , 2007 , 2010 , Win Vista )
V 1.73 final Win 98 to Win 7 (and more?) 32bit, Win XP to Win 7 64bit Office 2000 to 2010 32&64-bit
http://www.recoverlostpassword.com/products/productkeyrecovery.html (trial)Product Key Recovery 2007 2010 2013
NSAuditor Product Key Explorer http://www.nsauditor.com/product_key_finder.htmlWin XP to Win 8.1, Office 2003 to 2013
V3.6.3 Must buy to run. Free trial only shows partial key
Win Vista Sticker | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Win Vista Extracted | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Win Default Product Key Extracted implied upgrade from NT | NA | Yes | NA | NA | NA | NA | Yes |
Office 2003 Standard Sticker | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Office 2007 Home & Student Sticker | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Office 2010 Home & Student Free Upgrade from 2007 Sticker | ID’d as 2007 | ID’d as 2007 | ID’d as 2007 | ID’d as 2007 | No | No | Yes |
Office 2010 Home & Business Trial | No | Yes | Na | Yes | Na | Yes | Na |
Office 2010 Pro Trial / Single Image | Yes | Yes | Na | Yes | Na | Yes | Na |
Changing the Product Key for Office 2007 or previous requires you to go into the Registry.
- Browse to the following key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftOffice<version>Registration - Now is a good point to make a backup of that key;
Right click on the key, choose Export… and save the file to for instance your Desktop. - Expand the Registration key in the Registry and you’ll see one or more sub keys which contain a lot of characters between curly brackets: { and }
Each sub key stands for an installed Office application.
The proper name for this identifier string is called a “GUID”. - Click on the sub key to reveal its contents in the right pane.
The SuitName key will reveal the name of the package that you have installed. If you have multiple GUID sub keys listed, you can use this key name to determine for which installation you’ll be changing the Product Key. - In the pane on the right, delete the following keys:
- DigitalProductID
- ProductID
- Close the Registry and start Outlook (or any other Office application); you’ll now be prompted to fill in your Product Key and activate Office again.
</snip>
a small batch file (.BAT) which will do the job. Just key it into a text editor and save it as YourFileName.BAT and run it.
@echo off
cls
echo Batch file to show last 5 characters of Office 2013 activation keys
echo.
echo Bob D 2014/11/30
echo.
REM Bob D 2014 11 30 V1.0
If exist '%ProgramFiles%Microsoft OfficeOffice15OSPP.VBS' goto NATIVE
If exist '%ProgramFiles(x86)%Microsoft OfficeOffice15OSPP.VBS' goto HYBRID
echo Unable to find Microsoft Office 2013 on this machine
Pause
exit
:NATIVE
REM 32 bit Office 2013 on a 32 bit Windows or
REM 64 bit Office 2013 on 64 bit Windows
%HOMEDRIVE%
CD '%ProgramFiles%Microsoft OfficeOffice15'
cscript OSPP.VBS /dstatus
pause
exit
:HYBRID
REM 32 bit Office 2013 on 64 bit Windows
%HOMEDRIVE%
CD '%ProgramFiles(x86)%Microsoft OfficeOffice15'
cscript OSPP.VBS /dstatus
pause
exit
</snip>
You can use the above script in conjunction with the tips in the following link:
Magic Jelly Bean Keyfinder doesn’t work for Office 2010 or Office 2013 suites and applications. However, Office 2010 and Office 2013 already include a vbs-script which will reveal the last 5 characters of your Product Key. It’s pretty safe to state that these 5 characters would already be more than enough to find out which Product Key you have used (as you should already have safely stored the full Product Key code somewhere else together with your other license information).
You can run the vbs-file in the following way;
- Open a command prompt. For instance via:
- Start-> All Programs-> Accessories-> Command Prompt
- Windows XP
Start-> Run: cmd - Windows Vista, Windows 7 and Windows 8
Start-> type: cmd
- In the command prompt, type the following:
- Office 2010 (32-bit) on a 32-bit version of Windows
cscript “C:Program FilesMicrosoft OfficeOffice14OSPP.VBS” /dstatus - Office 2010 (32-bit) on a 64-bit version of Windows
cscript “C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft OfficeOffice14OSPP.VBS” /dstatus - Office 2010 (64-bit) on a 64-bit version of Windows
cscript “C:Program FilesMicrosoft OfficeOffice14OSPP.VBS” /dstatus - Office 2013 (32-bit) on a 32-bit version of Windows
cscript “C:Program FilesMicrosoft OfficeOffice15OSPP.VBS” /dstatus - Office 2013 (32-bit) on a 64-bit version of Windows
cscript “C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft OfficeOffice15OSPP.VBS” /dstatus - Office 2013 (64-bit) on a 64-bit version of Windows
cscript “C:Program FilesMicrosoft OfficeOffice15OSPP.VBS” /dstatus
- Office 2010 (32-bit) on a 32-bit version of Windows
- You should now get a screen with some license details such as the license name, type and the last 5 characters of the Product Key.
Office 2010 and Office 2013 offer a scripted method to lookup your Product Key.
Advanced Token Manger - Tokens.dat works as a digitally signed file, which stores the majority of the windows activation files.
All files together employ a digital signature that prevents tokens.dat be replaced on other machines
From what I’ve read, MS uses a file called TOKENS.DAT to store encrypted product keys:
C:ProgramDataMicrosoftOfficeSoftwareProtectionPlatformTokens.DAT
C:WindowsServiceProfilesNetworkServiceAppDataRoamingMicrosoftSoftwareLicensingTokens.data
Try Recover Keyshttp://recover-keys.com/. They have a free demo version to see if it will work for you. The full version costs $30. Use it search your Windows.old and use the hive function to point to the Windows.oldwindows folder
http://pcsupport.about.com/od/productkeysactivation/tp/topkeyfinder.htm – 13 Keyfinder programs
http://recover-keys.com/ - Product Key Finder for Win, Office & 3000+ more prog. (Trial only shows first 4 char)
PS: Please let me know which, if any of these techniques work for you.